The correct answer is agitation against the Partition of Bengal .

The correct answer to the question “The ‘Swadeshi’ and ‘Boycott’ were adopted as methods of struggle for the first time during the” is 1) agitation against the Partition of Bengal.

The Swadeshi movement was a key aspect of the Indian independence movement and was aimed at promoting the use of indigenous products and boycotting foreign goods. The movement was launched in response to the Partition of Bengal in 1905, which had divided the province on religious lines, and was seen as a ploy to weaken the growing Indian nationalist movement. The Swadeshi movement was an attempt to revive traditional Indian industries and to promote self-reliance and self-sufficiency.

The movement was characterized by mass protests, strikes, and the boycotting of British goods. People were encouraged to wear khadi (homespun cloth) instead of imported textiles, and to use only Indian-made products. The movement gained widespread support across India and was seen as a key tool for achieving independence from British colonial rule.

The concept of ‘Boycott’ was also adopted as a method of struggle during the Swadeshi movement. People were encouraged to boycott British goods and services, including government-run institutions and schools. The boycott was seen as a way to exert economic pressure on the British and to assert Indian independence.