In which one of the following trophic structures of ecosystems, both fungi and bacteria occur?
(a) Decomposer
(b) Autotroph
(c) Heterotroph
(d) Food Web
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The correct answer is option (a) Decomposer.
Decomposers are organisms that break down dead organic matter, releasing nutrients and energy back into the ecosystem. They play a vital role in nutrient cycling and are an essential component of any ecosystem.
Both fungi and bacteria are examples of decomposers, and they work together to break down complex organic matter such as dead plants, animals, and other organic waste. They convert the complex organic matter into simpler compounds such as carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients that can be absorbed by plants and other organisms.
Autotrophs, on the other hand, are organisms that can produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, while heterotrophs are organisms that cannot produce their own food and must obtain it from other sources.
A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains that shows the flow of energy and nutrients through an ecosystem, but it does not necessarily involve decomposers.