Which Mughal ruler established Karkhanas for painting?
1) Humayun
2) Akbar
3) Jahangir
4) Shah Jahan
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The correct answer is Akbar .
Emperor Akbar founded the Mughal Painting Karkhana and was regarded as the real founder of the Mughal School of painting. Illustration art flourished during his reign and also focus shifted to court life from the masses.
Akbar organized karkahans/workshops where artists created their own styles. He inherited and expanded the Mughal painting at a rapid pace and commissioned the projects like Tutinama, Hamzanama, ‘Darab Nama’, ‘Khamsa of Nizami’, ‘Baharistan’, etc.
Beautiful illustrations are found on the pages of Baburnama and Akbarnama. He also encouraged the art of making portraits.
Akbar encouraged portrait making. Jahangir followed the suit. e.g. Ustad Mansur drew the famous portrait of Abu-al Hasan.
Mughals brought artists from all over the empire to their court. e.g. Akbar brought artists from Kashmir and Gujarat, Human brought artists from Persia.